Becoming a U.S. Citizen After Obtaining a Green Card: A Legal Guide

The journey to U.S. citizenship can feel overwhelming. With expert guidance from a trusted immigration lawyer, the path becomes clearer and smoother. Here’s what you need to know about moving from green card status to U.S. citizenship.

Why Pursue U.S. Citizenship Over a Green Card?

While a green card grants lawful permanent residency, U.S. citizenship offers many more rights and protections. Becoming a citizen ensures:

Protection from deportation
The ability to sponsor family members for immigration to the U.S.
Eligibility to vote in federal, state, and local elections
Freedom to live abroad without jeopardizing your residency status

Though citizenship brings these benefits, it’s not an immediate process. Green card holders generally must wait a few years before applying. Charles Zavala, a knowledgeable immigration attorney in Texas, can guide you through every stage of the naturalization process to ensure your success.

Key Requirements for U.S. Citizenship After a Green Card

To become a U.S. citizen, you must meet several eligibility criteria:

Age Requirement: You must be at least 18 years old.
Continuous Residency: You must have lived in the U.S. for at least 5 years (or 3 years if married to a U.S. citizen), with no trips exceeding 6 months.
State Residency: You must have lived in the state or USCIS district where you’re applying for at least 3 months.
Good Moral Character: You must not have committed serious offenses, such as tax evasion, fraud, or illegal activities.
Naturalization Exam: Pass the English language test and the civics exam, which covers U.S. history and government.
Military or Civilian Service: Be willing to perform mandatory service if required.
Loyalty to the Constitution: You must declare loyalty and take the Oath of Allegiance to the United States.

If you meet these criteria, you’re ready to take the next step. Charles Zavala can provide the support and legal expertise needed to streamline your application.

The U.S. Citizenship Process for Green Card Holders

The naturalization process involves several steps:

1. Submitting Form N-400

You begin by filing Form N-400, the Application for Naturalization, with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS). This form can be filed online or by mail.

2. Biometrics Appointment

USCIS will schedule a biometrics appointment to collect fingerprints and other biometric data for a background check. This usually takes place about a month after submitting your application.

3. Naturalization Interview and Exam

During the interview, a USCIS officer will:

Review your application and documents
Test your English language skills
Conduct the civics test

If you pass, your application is approved. If not, you may be given a second chance to retake the test or provide additional evidence.

4. Taking the Oath of Allegiance

Once approved, you will attend an Oath of Allegiance Ceremony. After this, you officially become a U.S. citizen and receive your Certificate of Naturalization.

How Long Does It Take to Become a U.S. Citizen?

The timeline to citizenship varies depending on your specific situation:

Green card holders (general): Eligible to apply after 5 years.
Married to a U.S. citizen: Eligible to apply after 3 years.
Military members: May apply anytime, with or without a green card, during wartime.
Widows/widowers of military members: Can apply immediately without a waiting period.

While waiting, it’s important to maintain continuous residency and avoid long trips outside the U.S. Charles Zavala can ensure you stay compliant with all requirements.

Common Questions About Green Cards and Citizenship

1. Can I Stay on a Green Card Forever?

Yes, lawful permanent residents can remain on a green card indefinitely as long as it’s renewed regularly. However, staying on a green card means:

You miss out on the benefits of U.S. citizenship
You risk losing residency status if you fail to meet renewal requirements

2. How Long Does It Take to Get Citizenship?

The naturalization process typically takes between 6 months and 1 year, depending on USCIS processing times and individual circumstances.

3. Can I Apply for Citizenship After 3 Years?

Yes, if you are married to a U.S. citizen, you can apply after 3 years of holding a green card. For most other applicants, the standard waiting period is 5 years.

4. What Happens If I Fail the Citizenship Test?

If you don’t pass the naturalization test, you will be given an opportunity to retake it. You can also appeal a denial within 30 days.

Why Work with an Immigration Attorney for Citizenship Applications?

Applying for citizenship involves complex laws and detailed documentation. Working with an experienced immigration attorney ensures:

Your application is complete and accurate
You are fully prepared for the interview and naturalization test
Any potential issues are addressed proactively

Charles Zavala, an immigration lawyer serving Texas, offers the expertise and personal attention you need to navigate the process with confidence.

Get Help from Charles Zavala Today

Ready to pursue U.S. citizenship? Don’t navigate the process alone. Charles Zavala and his team are here to guide you every step of the way.

FAQ Becoming a U.S. Citizen After Obtaining a Green Card